Finite theory of the universe, dark matter disproof and. Incorporation of the machs principle into gravitation theory 30. But existing dark matter theory predicts that any random galaxy may contain larger or. General relativity is useful for describing gravity and the. In validating general relativity, the findings also serve as additional evidence for the existence of dark matter and dark energy, collett told. The einsteins theory of general relativity is wrong.
Using accepted physics of how time behaves based on einsteins theory of general relativity namely, how the passage of time is relative to the position and velocity of the viewer as well as. Through pointers on how to modify and generalise einsteins theory to enhance understanding, it provides a link between standard textbook content and current research in the field. Theory of dark energy and dark matter 3 we proceed as follows. And neither is it necessary to assume the existence of dark matter to correctly describe the expansion of the cosmos. The special theory of relativity will begin to fall. Starting with the observed matter, the gravitation theories newtonian and general relativity seem to fail to explain. Gravity, general relativity, and dark matter for more than seventyfive years, the theories of general relativity and quantum mechanics have done an incredible job of correctly predicting the outcome of innumerable experiments. A unifying theory of dark energy and dark matter astronomy. Emergent gravity, violated relativity and dark matter. On the other hand, the general invariancerelativity violation may well take place, serving as a source of the gravitational dark matter dm.
A unifying theory of dark energy and dark matter been directly observed. The fiveyear wmap data, released in 2008 and shown in the figure, below, also allows you. Dark matter, dark energy, and alternate models arxiv. The geometrical representation of gravity as curved spacetime physically exists in nature as the state of displacement of the superfluid dark matter. For decades, two aspects of nature have been either overlooked, poorly understood or misconceived. Einsteins general theory of relativity oyvind grln and sigbjlrn hervik. In this work, i applied the special theory of relativity to three different spacetimes in which each of these systems has its own light velocity. Mannheim department of physics, university of connecticut, storrs, ct 06269, usa email.
Is dark matter and black hole cosmology an effect of borns reciprocal relativity theory. Thereby, a fundamental energyconservation law is found, which also solves the problem of the missing energy density of the gravitational field in einsteins theory of general relativity. Most dark matter is thought to be nonbaryonic in nature, possibly being composed of some asyet undiscovered subatomic particles. Dark matter and nonnewtonian gravity from general relativity coupled to a. Pdf the nature of dark matter and of dark energy researchgate. A new dark matter theory from the new book relativity.
Curved spacetime is the state of displacement of the superfluid dark matter. Accordingly, the subject matter is quite naturally tied to other fields such as astroparticle physics, quantum physics and general relativity. Also, weyls work is incomplete, as he lacked at his time the framework of quantum electrodynamics and the theory of general relativity on which our theory of scale invariance is based. Gravity, general relativity, and dark matter chapter. If dark matter truly exists, then the total amount of matter is the sum of both ordinary and dark matter. In the simplest case, such a scenario was worked out for the wellposed theory of gravity minimally violating gr to the unimodular relativity, with the scalargraviton dm 9 10. Why dark matter existence disproves general relativity.
Quantized inertia is a type of modified relativity theory that explains inertia as a fundamental force of the universe that could do everything from. Let me emphasize that dark matter in cosmology is a kind of fluid. The fundamental principles of physics are in place, but there are several steps that need to be accomplished before a true accounting of dark ene. Unlike for dark matter, scientists have no plausible explanation for dark energy. With their new theory, baker and kopp have introduced a new principle into the debate about the nature of dark matter that offers an. According to einsteins general theory of relativity, in a universe composed only of matter particles and radiation, it is the. Is dark matter and black hole cosmology an effect of born.
However, there is the third option, based on the fact that everything. Theory division, cern, ch1211 geneva 23, switzerland. The beauty of the theory was clear at the beginning, but the initial focus was on whether it was right. Roughly 70% of the universe is made of dark energy. On the other hand, the general invariance relativity violation may well take place, serving as a source of the gravitational dark matter dm. In emergent gravity, there is only a new type of entropy, responsible for what we perceive as the effects of both dark matter and dark energy. The rest everything on earth, everything ever observed with all of our instruments, all normal matter. Dark energy, dark matter science mission directorate.
Relativity of locality and chronology are natural consequences of this. Pdf dark energy and dark matter in general relativity. Dark energy and dark matter from hidden symmetry of. Journal of high energy physics, gravitation and cosmology, 2019, 5. A simple explanation to dark matter within the framework of general relativity is given. Not being an actual form of particulate matter it obviously doesnt emit light. Gravity, general relativity, and dark matter 49 6 chapter 6. High energy physics theory hepth a simple model for a scalar field and gravity admits cosmological solutions which cross the big bang singularity. I found several articles about the conflict between dm and gtr validity, as it is claimed that mond suffices to explain the alleged behavior of the universe, instead the need of dm for gtr to work at cosmological level. An explanation for dark matter and dark energy consistent with the. Borns reciprocal relativity theory brrt based on a maximal properforce, maximal speed of light velocity, inertial and noninertial observers is reexamined in full detail. Troubled times for alternatives to einsteins theory of. In the simplest case, such a scenario was worked out for the wellposed theory of gravity minimally violating gr to the unimodular relativity, with the scalar graviton dm 9 10.
Special relativity and general relativity are wrong dark matter particles can travel at the speed of light adrian ferent the gamma ray and the dark matter electron travel together at the speed of light adrian ferent because the dark matter electron travels at the sped of light, special relativity is wrong adrian ferent. With general relativity, the combination of baryonic matter, dark matter and dark energy add up to make the universe exactly flat. The consequences for their inclusion will tremendously broaden our present picture of the universe. Dark matter is required to explain the stability of galaxies and the rate of formation of largescale structures.
Alternatives to dark matter and dark energy philip d. Because these telescopes are looking back in time the fact that the redshift was smaller than expected means that they were moving slower in the past. More is unknown than is known we know how much there is, and we know some of its properties. Dark matter and dark energy in general relativity and. Dark matter particles can travel at the speed of light. According to studies, dark matter and dark energy have had a strong influence on the structure and evolution of the universe. Dark matter is a form of matter thought to account for approximately 85% of the matter in the. Introduction to general relativity and cosmology gives undergraduate students an overview of the fundamental ideas behind the geometric theory of gravitation and spacetime. The universe evolution, on the other hand, is treated with the full theory, general relativity. Can the effects of dark matter and dark energy be accounted for by general relativity alone. Dark energy and dark matter in general relativity with local scale invariance article pdf available in modern physics letters a october 2008. When general relativity provided an explanation for. Size of the dark energy density to get his static universe, einstein had to assume that.
Pdf is dark matter and blackhole cosmology an effect of. Now we propose a new theory of general relativity that may ultimately get rid of the need for dark matter, and perhaps get physicists to think in terms of things we know exist. The rest everything on earth, everything ever observed with all of our instruments, all normal matter adds up to less than 5. Particle physicists, needless to say, like the idea that dark matter is made of a particle. One of the consequences of general relativity is massive objects such as a. After the introduction of inflationary theory or the very early universe by guth 9. It does mention faster than light travel both real and artificial, wormholes, dark matter and many other subjects beloved of cranks. Gravity, general relativity, and dark matter kendall hunt publishing. For any alternative theory of gravity to work, it has to not only do away with dark matter and dark energy, but also reproduce the predictions of general relativity in all the standard contexts. For more than seventyfive years, the theories of general relativity and quantum mechanics have done.
Dark matter and nonnewtonian gravity from general relativity. Weyl made the mistake of identifying s with the photon. Both the dark matter and dark energy issues are considered essential for a deeper understanding of the evolutionary universe. In fact if there is no dark matter, just dark gravity, or dark acceleration, then it could be more like a 95% and 5% split between dark energy and ordinary matter components. Astronomical observations and cosmological theory suggest that the composition of the universe is remarkably rich and complex. Deduction of entropy equation starting from the gravity theory 31. The cosmic age of dark matter can be about 100 million. One theory suggests the existence of a hidden valley, a parallel world made of dark matter having very little in common with matter we know. Dark matter, dark energy, black holes, and string theory are all progeny of einsteins theory. Dark energy is required to rationalise the striking fact that the expansion of the universe started to accelerate recently meaning a few billion years ago. General relativity is a beautiful theory of gravity. In fact, results from the wmap show that the vast majority of material in our present universe about 73 percent is made up of dark energy remember from relativity that matter and energy are different forms of the same thing.
This theory of dark matter also neatly explains why dark matter is dark. In 1916 einstein said the energy of the gravitational field shall act gravitatively in the same way as any other kind of energy. According to one idea, dark energy is a fifth and previously unknown type of fundamental force called quintessence. A proposed explanation of dark matter within general relativity. Superfluid dark matter fills empty space and is displaced by the baryonic matter. Einstein 1917 as an addition to his theory of general relativity to make the universe. The explanation is shown to be a result of a new proposed definition for the cosmological constant.
Comparison is also made between the friedmannrobertsonwalker theory and the carmeli theory. Special relativity theory 506 kb request inspection copy. The nature and essence of dark matter and dark energy have become the central issue in modern cosmology over the past years as they make up most of the matter and energy content of the known universe. Its presence is implied in a variety of astrophysical observations, including gravitational effects. As the accuracy of experimental tests improve, alternatives to general relativity that aim to replace dark matter or dark energy will have to explain why. First, we have shown in ma and wang, 2014a a new cosmology theorem that our universe is a three dimensional sphere and is static, assuming the einstein general relativity and the cosmological principle that our universe is homogeneous and isotropic.
I calculated and estimated baryons, dark matter and dark energy by using. New theory of general relativity casts doubt on dark matter. Dark matter candidates arise frequently in theories that suggest physics beyond the standard model, such as supersymmetry and extra dimensions. Deduction of the equations of general relativity 30. If one of these theories proved to be true, it could. A homogeneous universe composed only of dark energy in.
Dark energy and dark matter from hidden symmetry of gravity model with a nonriemannian volume form. Dark matter, proposed decades ago as a speculative component of the universe. Mathematical foundations of the relativistic theory of. Dark matter and dark energy in general relativity and modified. If you dont know much about physics, and want to learn, then buy a proper book on relativity. A new dark matter theory from the new book relativity made easy showing 1 of messages. The discovery of dark energy is one of the most surprising and profound discoveries in the history of science. However, observations suggest that the total amount of matter in the universe including all the dark matter accounts for just onethird of the total energy. Center for theoretical studies of physical systems clark atlanta university, atlanta, 30314, georgia, usa. One reason why physicists have been trying to find dark matter is because of anomalies in the galaxy rotation curve data.
Dark matter, dark energy, and the expansion of the universe. It has not only thrilled us, but has survived 100 years of challenges, both by experimental tests and by alternative theories. Unification of the electromagnetic and gravitational fields 32. For more than seventy five years, the theories of general relativity and quantum mechanics have done. In the midst of a momentous transformation in modern physics, as scientists look farther and more clearly into space than ever before, the perfect theory exposes the greater relevance of general relativity, showing us where it started, where it has.
1434 1030 916 313 575 433 147 402 261 1071 1285 966 1501 286 705 1009 1610 117 1451 1240 1484 943 931 111 1582 359 434 321 898 1322 579 1192 1407 837 884 500 999 1432 1178 1282 224 1437 1368 284 199 918 1220